Word learning scores by the four dimensions of knowledge of the form-meaning relationship (Maximum = 15).

Post-hoc analyses of the four conditions on the four dimensions of incidental vocabulary learning.

A list of target words.

Descriptive statistics for the reading test (Maximum = 20).

Post-hoc pairwise comparisons of the four conditions.

Performance and metacognition means and standard deviations by age and test type.

While recent studies have emphasized the role of metacognitive judgments in social interactions, whether social context might reciprocally impact individuals’ metacognition...

Results on the univariate tests following multivariate tests.

* For group comparisons a one-way Anova test was used except for gender (chi-square test). The Ancova test was used to compare cognitive and metacognitive measures, using age as...

The factorial design employing four conditions.

Means and standard deviations for demographic comparisons between age groups.

Results of the 2x2 Two-way ANOVA for reading test.

Previous work supports an age-specific impairment for recognition memory of pairs of words and other stimuli. The present study tested the generalization of an associative...

Recent research has highlighted the value of providing metacognitive guidance for learning English in a small group setting. This study investigated the effects that the...