Background Despite effective treatments and long-standing management guidelines, there are approximately 1400 hospital admissions for asthma weekly in the United Kingdom (UK),...

Background In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) theories, the typical clinical manifestations of gout are attributed to the “dampness-heat pouring downward.” Therefore, TCM...

Background Urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) accounts for 10,000 new diagnoses and 5000 deaths annually in the UK (Cancer Research UK,...

Objective: Breast cancer remains to be the globally leading female cancer. About 15% to 20% of breast cancers have human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive...

Introduction: Tiotropium, a once-daily long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator, has recently been approved for use in the treatment of asthma in a number of countries,...

Background Urinary stone disease is very common with an estimated prevalence among the general population of 2–3%. Ureteric stones are associated with severe pain as they pass...

Background Late-onset Pompe disease is a rare genetic neuromuscular disorder caused by lysosomal acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) deficiency that ultimately results in mobility loss...

Background: Social media are currently considered as a potential complementary source of knowledge for drug safety surveillance. Our primary objective was to estimate the...

Background Premature ejaculation (PE) is the most common sexual dysfunction among men. According to patients, the general practitioner (GP) is the appropriate professional with...

Background People with a melanoma diagnosis are at risk of recurrence, developing a new primary or experiencing disease progression. Previous studies have suggested that fear of...

Background Pruritus (itch) is a frequent, burdensome and difficult-to-treat symptom in patients with cholestasis. Fibrates are currently under investigation for the treatment of...

Clinical practice guidelines recommend exercise as the first line of management for hip osteoarthritis, yet high-quality evidence from Cochrane reviews suggest only slight...

Background Acute appendicitis is one of the most common indications for emergency surgery. In patients with a complex appendicitis, prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis is...

Background To date, there is no consensus on the ideal management strategy of patients with poor ovarian response (POR) to controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) for in vitro...

Background MEK1 mutation and activated MAPK signaling has been found in patients with RASopathies and abnormal cardiac development. Previous studies have suggested that...

Background: Preterm labor (PTL)/preterm birth (PTB) impose significant burden on health-care systems. Women with uncomplicated pregnancies at risk of PTL/PTB have not been...

Background Randomised controlled clinical trials typically have a relatively brief in-trial follow-up period which can underestimate safety signals and fail to detect long-term...

The identification of a prodromal phase in multiple sclerosis (MS) could have major implications for earlier recognition and management of MS. The authors conducted a systematic...

Background The number of falls experienced by people with knee osteoarthritis (OA) is almost double the number experienced by people with no OA. The neuromuscular elements...

Background The incidence and prevalence of chronic diseases have reached epidemic proportions during the last decades and are not expected to diminish. Chronic diseases...