a The sample size reported reflects the weighted sample size. b One serving of alcohol contains approximately 11 ml of pure alcohol. Sample Characteristics (N = 657a).

Note: SOT = Spatial Orienting Task. a The sample size reported reflects the weighted sample size. Mean score reaction times (M in ms) and standard deviations (sd) of SOT...

Lifetime substance use by study wave.

* p < 0.05. ** p < 0.01. a The sample size reported reflects the weighted sample size. b 0 = Female, 1 = Male. Bivariate correlations of attentional bias scores and...

Peer relationships, leisure activities, school & education and neighbourhood characteristics variables by wave.

Number of participants in each wave.

Relationship, leisure activity, school & education and neighbourhood characteristic data collected from a parent/s and/or sibling in the family survey.

Socio-demographic, personality and mental health measures by wave.

Stochastic actor-based models of substance use of cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana and friendship networks with number of friends who smoked/drank/used marijuana effects.

Family dynamics/processes, substance use, offending & crime and relationship measures by wave.

Note: Cronbach’s alpha alcohol items: baseline = 0.87, follow-up = 0.86, Cronbach’s alpha tobacco items: baseline = 0.92, follow-up = 0.93, Cronbach’s alpha cannabis items:...

The concurrent or sequential usage of multiple substances during adolescence is a serious public health problem. Given the importance of understanding interdependence in...