Table S2. A. Differential OTUs between mastitis and healthy cows. B. Differential OTUs between Group H and Group M in mice. C. Differential OTUs between Group M and Group P in...

Sepsis in early infancy results in one million annual deaths worldwide, most of them in developing countries. No efficient means of prevention is currently available. Here we...

Table S3. A. Relative abundance of identified KOs in cows. B. Relative abundance of identified KOs in mice. C. Differential KOs between mastitis and healthy cows. D....

Summary of the B. longum classification. An .xls document describing the classification of the three B. longum subspecies, B. longum subsp. longum, B. longum subsp. infantis and...

List of reviewed studies. All the clinical trials that were reviewed are listed with indication of first author, publication title, publication date, whether they were included...

We include several tables on research in probiotics, including the number of funded and unfunded published articles and the number of citations during the period under...

A-E. Related documentation given to participants. (ZIP 942 kb)

Additional file 2. Raw data of the probiotics evaluation

Pairwise Meta-Storms distances of all microbiome samples in this study for beta diversity analysis. (XLSX 137Â kb)

Background Fecal microbiota transplantation is an effective treatment for many gastrointestinal diseases, such as Clostridium difficile infection and inflammatory bowel...

Laboratory animal studies are used in a wide range of human health related research areas, such as basic biomedical research, drug research, experimental surgery and...

Background The use of probiotics to improve anti-microbial defence, such as for influenza infections, is increasingly recommended. However, no data are available on the effect...

Background Urinary tract infections [UTIs] are very common in people with Spinal Cord Injury [SCI]. UTIs are increasingly difficult and expensive to treat as the organisms that...

Background Mastitis, which affects nearly all lactating mammals including human, is generally thought to be caused by local infection of the mammary glands. For treatment,...

Background Reducing antibiotics overuse in animal agriculture is one key in combat against the spread of antibiotic resistance. Probiotics are a potential replacement of...

Background The ProPrems trial, a multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial, previously reported a 54% reduction in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) of Bell...

Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and autoimmune neurological disorder which leads to demyelination. Although the etiology of MS is yet to be known, it appears...

Table S4. A. Spearman coefficients between differential OTUs and KOs in cows. B. Spearman coefficients between differential OTUs and KOs in mice. (XLSX 51 kb)

List of Bifidobacterium longum representatives. An .xls document with a list of all B. longum representatives that were used in the comparative analysis. (XLSX 13 kb)