Introduction This TNO_CAMS_CO2 emission dataset was prepared by TNO as a contribution to the H2020 project MACC-III and the subsequent Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service. This model-ready historic emission inventory at high spatial resolution (~7x7 km) for UNECE-Europe for 15 consecutive years (2000–2014) providing CO2 from fossil fuels and CO2 from biofuels is intended to support modelling and sub-national scale identification of emissions. Where available and considered fit for purpose, we have used CO2 estimates as reported by the Parties to UNFCCC. The data have been supplemented by other estimates, most notable from the IIASA GAINS model and the JRC EDGAR database to create a complete coverage.  The approach to the spatial distribution of the dataset is similar to the TNO-MACC emission dataset for air pollutants ( see Kuenen et al., ACP, 2014). The emission grid consists of UNECE-Europe in WGS84 projection (lon-lat) with a spatial resolution of 1/8 x 1/16 degrees (lon x lat). The lower left of the grid is at lon = -60, lat = 30 and the upper right is at lon = 60, lat = 72. The grid files TXT (.csv)  & netcdf (.nc) both contain annual total emissions per grid cell for the year 2000-2014. A separate file has been prepared for each year.  The unit in the .csv files is Mg/gridcell/yr The unit in the .nc files is kg/gridcell/yr Sectoral breakdown  uses the SNAP classification. Compared to the default SNAP1 sectors (1 to 10), a couple of refinements have been made to the sectors: SNAP 3 and SNAP 4 are grouped as SNAP 34 SNAP 7 is split in SNAP 71 to 75 The dataset is described in  Denier van der Gon, H.A.C., J.J.P. Kuenen, G. Janssens-Maenhout, U. Döring, S. Jonkers, A.J.H. Visschedijk., TNO_CAMS high resolution European emission inventory for anthropogenic CO2 for 2000-2014 and future years following two different pathways, ESSD, in preparation, 2017.