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A Decision Analytic Approach to Exposure-Based Chemical Prioritization
The manufacture of novel synthetic chemicals has increased in volume and variety, but often the environmental and health risks are not fully understood in terms of toxicity and,... -
Performance scores in general practice: a comparison between the clinical ver...
Context From one country to another, the pay-for-performance mechanisms differ on one significant point: the identification of target populations, that is, populations which... -
Economic Impacts of Non-Native Forest Insects in the Continental United States
Reliable estimates of the impacts and costs of biological invasions are critical to developing credible management, trade and regulatory policies. Worldwide, forests and urban... -
Economic Impact of HIV and Antiretroviral Therapy on Education Supply in High...
BACKGROUND:We set out to estimate, for the three geographical regions with the highest HIV prevalence, (sub-Saharan Africa [SSA], the Caribbean and the Greater Mekong sub-region... -
A Descriptive Analysis of Overviews of Reviews Published between 2000 and 2011
Background Overviews of systematic reviews compile data from multiple systematic reviews (SRs) and are a new method of evidence synthesis. Objectives To describe the... -
Faster Is More Different: Mean-Field Dynamics of Innovation Diffusion
Based on a recent model of paradigm shifts by Bornholdt et al., we studied mean-field opinion dynamics in an infinite population where an infinite number of ideas compete... -
Rising population cost for treating people living with HIV in the UK, 1997-2013.
BACKGROUND\ud \ud The number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) is increasing in the UK. This study estimated the annual population cost of providing HIV services in the UK,... -
Health Insurance Coverage and Impact: A Survey in Three Cities in China
BACKGROUND: China has one of the world's largest health insurance systems, composed of government-run basic health insurance and commercial health insurance. The basic health... -
Promotion of Prescription Drugs to Consumers and Providers, 2001–2010
Background Pharmaceutical firms heavily promote their products and may have changed marketing strategies in response to reductions in new product approvals, restrictions on... -
Estimating the Impact of State Budget Cuts and Redirection of Prevention Reso...
BACKGROUND: In the wake of a national economic downturn, the state of California, in 2009-2010, implemented budget cuts that eliminated state funding of HIV prevention and... -
The Macroeconomic Consequences of Renouncing to Universal Access to Antiretro...
AIM: Previous economic literature on the cost-effectiveness of antiretroviral treatment (ART) programs has been mainly focused on the microeconomic consequences of alternative... -
Fish Is Food - The FAO’s Fish Price Index
World food prices hit an all-time high in February 2011 and are still almost two and a half times those of 2000. Although three billion people worldwide use seafood as a key... -
A Global Estimate of the Number of Coral Reef Fishers
Overfishing threatens coral reefs worldwide, yet there is no reliable estimate on the number of reef fishers globally. We address this data gap by quantifying the number of reef... -
Weekday Affects Attendance Rate for Medical Appointments: Large-Scale Data An...
The financial cost of missed appointments is so great that even a small percentage reduction in Did Not Attend (DNA) rate could save significant sums of money. Previous studies... -
Integrative taxonomy for continental-scale terrestrial insect observations.
Although 21(st) century ecology uses unprecedented technology at the largest spatio-temporal scales in history, the data remain reliant on sound taxonomic practices that derive... -
The effect of new cooperative medical scheme on health outcomes and alleviati...
Background In 2002, the Chinese government launched a new rural health financing policy to provide health insurance (New Cooperative Medical Scheme, NCMS) for its rural... -
Dynamic health policies for controlling the spread of emerging infections: in...
The recent appearance and spread of novel infectious pathogens provide motivation for using models as tools to guide public health decision-making. Here we describe a modeling... -
Variable cultural acquisition costs constrain cumulative cultural evolution.
One of the hallmarks of the human species is our capacity for cumulative culture, in which beneficial knowledge and technology is accumulated over successive generations. Yet... -
Investing in Threatened Species Conservation: Does Corruption Outweigh Purcha...
In many sectors, freedom in capital flow has allowed optimization of investment returns through choosing sites that provide the best value for money. These returns, however, can... -
Striking a balance: socioeconomic development and conservation in grassland t...
The goal of preserving nature is often in conflict with economic development and the aspirations of the rural poor. Nowhere is this more striking than in native grasslands,...
