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The efficacy of varenicline in achieving abstinence among waterpipe tobacco s...
Abstract Background Waterpipe tobacco smoking has increased among youth across the globe including in the US, and it continues as a common and traditional form of smoking... -
Long-term colonisation with donor bacteriophages following successful faecal ...
Abstract Background Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is used in the treatment of recurrent Clostridium difficile infection.... -
Immune responses upon Campylobacter jejuni infection of secondary abiotic mic...
Abstract Background Campylobacter jejuni infections are of rising importance worldwide. Given that innate immune receptors including nucleotide-oligomerization-domain-2 (Nod2)... -
Transient detectable viremia and the risk of viral rebound in patients from t...
Abstract Background Temporary increases in plasma HIV RNA ('blips') are common in HIV patients on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Blips above 500 copies/mL have been... -
Predictors of delayed culture conversion among Ugandan patients
Abstract Background Estimates of month-2 culture conversion, a proxy indicator of tuberculosis (TB) treatment efficacy in phase-2 trials can vary by culture-type and... -
A combined epigenome- and transcriptome-wide association study of the oral ma...
Abstract Background The oral mucosa has an important role in maintaining barrier integrity at the gateway to the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. Smoking is a strong... -
A cluster randomized controlled trial of extending ART refill intervals to si...
Abstract Background The antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence club (AC) differentiated service delivery model, where clinically stable ART patients receive their ART refills... -
Concurrent use of prescription drugs and herbal medicinal products in older a...
Background: There has been a global increase in the use of herbal medicinal products (HMPs). About a quarter of UK adults use HMPs, bought over the counter by self-prescription... -
Point-of-care testing for emergency assessment of coagulation in patients tre...
Abstract Background Point-of-care testing (POCT) of coagulation has been proven to be of great value in accelerating emergency treatment. Specific POCT for direct oral... -
The cost of influenza-associated hospitalizations and outpatient visits in Kenya
Background: We estimated the cost-per-episode and the annual economic burden associated with influenza in Kenya. Methods: From July 2013–August 2014, we recruited patients with... -
Campylobacter jejuni infection of conventionally colonized mice lacking nucle...
Abstract Background The nucleotide-binding oligomerisaton protein 2 (NOD2) constitutes a pivotal sensor of bacterial muramyl dipeptide and assures expression of distinct... -
Occupational exposure to petroleum-based and oxygenated solvents and hypophar...
Abstract Background To examine associations between occupational exposure to petroleum-based and oxygenated solvents and the risk of hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancer. Methods... -
Determinants of HIV, viral hepatitis and STI prevention needs among African m...
Background: Migrants from sub-Saharan Africa (MisSA) are a relevant sub-group for HIV-transmission in Germany. A total of 10-15 % of all newly diagnosed cases are MisSA, and... -
Negligible risk of inducing resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis with sin...
Abstract Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for leprosy is administered as one single dose of rifampicin (SDR) to the contacts of newly diagnosed leprosy patients. SDR reduces the... -
Potential impact of multiple interventions on HIV incidence in a hyperendemic...
Abstract Background Multiple prevention interventions, including early antiretroviral therapy initiation, may reduce HIV incidence in hyperendemic settings. Our aim was to... -
Meta-analysis of the impact of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors on incident diabe...
Abstract Background Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) have been shown to reduce incident type 2 diabetes but their impact on... -
Choice of therapeutic interventions and outcomes for the treatment of infecti...
Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance is an increasingly serious threat to public health, and the increased occurrence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is a concern... -
Efficacy of imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 1% spot-on formulation (Advocate®) in...
Abstract Background In three randomized, controlled laboratory efficacy studies, the efficacy in the prevention of patent infections of a topical combination of imidacloprid... -
Seroprevalence and risk factors of recent infection with hepatitis E virus du...
Abstract Background From September 2016–April 2017, Am Timan, Chad, experienced a large HEV outbreak in an urban setting with a limited impact in terms of morbidity and... -
Post-traumatic osteomyelitis in Middle East war-wounded civilians: resistance...
Abstract Background War-wounded civilians in Middle East countries are at risk of post-traumatic osteomyelitis (PTO). We aimed to describe and compare the bacterial etiology and...
